Burner



Patented Mar. 22,1945

BURNER Edwin H. Kahler,` and Vaughan Morrill, Jr., St. Louis, Mo., assignors to American Stove Company, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of New Jersey Arthur Stockstrom,

`implication July 14, 1941, Serial No. 402,376

4 Claims. (Cl. 158-116) This invention pertains to a burner and more particularly to a gaseous fuel burner having a heavy main body portion and a comparatively thin burner cap.

The primary objectof the invention is the provision of a burner of the type mentioned which is simple and cheap of manufacture yet highly emcient in operation.

A'further object is that of providing a laminated burner cap to provide for convenience in the production of burners capable of efliciently operating on 'different types of gas.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of novel and improved means for securing the parts of the burner capi together to provide burner ports having a depth greater than the combined thickness of the parts comprising the cap.

.A still further object of the invention is the provision of a burner having a stamped or dieformed steel burner head.

A still further 'object is that of providing a two-part burner cap made in a manner to permit treatment. of the complete portions. making up the cap to protect said, portions against rust and corrosion.- v

Other objects, novel features of construction and improved results will appear from the following description' when read in the light of the accompanying drawing. I

' In the drawing:

Figure 1 isfa side view of the burner with a portion of the view broken away Aand shown in vertical section.

Fig. 2 is a top perspective view of the burner cap.' Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the burner cap.

lThe present burner is designed to burn a gaseous fuel. and constitutes an improvement upon and has advantages over, as'will be hereinafter specifically pointed o ut, burners of the same general type such as that vdisclosed in the A. Stockstrom et al. Patent No. 1,714,409 of May 21, 1929, and the H. 'Moecken Jr., Patent No. 2,009,271 of July 25, 1935.

'I'he burner, described broadly, comprises a main burner portion A, a burner cap B and a sub or secondary burner cap C.

In detail the main burner portion A has a circular or tubular portion defined by a wall I. This tubular or circular portion constitutes an open ended housing. At the upper` open lend the wall I has its upper surface beveled as at 2 while 4the lower end of the wall I extends inwardly and upwardly as at 3 to form the opening -at the bottom end of the housing which opening is internally threaded'as at i. At one side and adjacent its bottom the housing is provided with a manifold 5 which serves as a conduit for the admission of an air-gas mixture into the housing. This manifold is made of the proper size, length and configuration to meet the specific require ments to which the burner is to be adapted and in its outer end is provided with an opening 6 for the reception of. the nozzle or Jet of a fuel supply pipe and at its top adjacent its outer end is provided with a plurality of Secondary air inlet openings 1 the ,size of which is under the con trol of a movable shutter B.

At one of its other sides the burner housing is provided with an arm or bracket 9 which may be of any desired construction and serves as a means of accurately positioning and assisting to support the burner' in proper position for operation in the stove or range of which the burner is a part.

Preferably, though not necessarily, the main burner housing is composed of cast iron but in any event Whatever metal is used the walls of the housing, and particularly the upper end of the wall I, should be of considerable thickness as it is desirable that the inclined or oblique face 2 be of considerable width. .A cast iron construction is the most conventional and can be provided cheaply.

The burner cap B is ofv a funnel-like shape and as a consequence has an upper conical shaped end I0 from the lower extremity of which ex'- tends the pipe or conduit-like portion II which corresponds to the similar'portion found in a funnel. The lower end of the conduit II is ex teriorly threaded as at I2 and the diameter of the conduit is such as to coincide with the opening in the lower end of the main burner housing so that the threads I2 will threadedly engage the threads 4 of-said housing opening. The angle of inclination of the flare of the upper conical end of the cap is identical to the angle of inclination' of the beveled upper end 2 of the wall I of the main burner housing. This main burner cap is composed of a comparatively thin'gauge of sheet metal, steel preferably, which is die stamped or in some other suitable like cheap manner formed ,into the desired aforesaid configuration. At a point well below its upper end and in aligned spaced relationship throughout its circumference the conical portion Ill of the cap is drilled or punched to provide a series of openings I3 which are to form burner ports, as will hereinafter appear, and these openings are disposed at an inclination to the surface of the conical portion of the cap through which they extend and preferably the openings extend at substantially a right angle to the inclination of the surface through which they extend and therefore at approximately a right angle to the face of the beveled upper end 2 of themain burner housing.

The sub orr secondary burner cap C is also made of sheet metal, preferably steel, and similarly diestamped or in like cheap and easy manner formed into the desired and necessary 'conguratiom This secondary cap is generally of a conical form and of the proper dimensions to t snugly against the under side of the conical portion Il! of the main burner cap B. It comprises what mightbe termed a ring portion i4 which is at its bottom end and from the upper end ofwhich in separated parallel relation throughout its circumference extend a plurality of finger-like portions l5 the upper endsr IB of which preferably terminate short of the upper peripheral edge ll of the main burner cap B.

The sub cap C is drilled or punched to provide openings which will register with the openings I3 of the main cap and the sub cap is secured in position on` the under side of the main cap.

and in tight abutting relationship .therewith by hollow rivets A2l! one of which extends through each of said aligned openings.

When assembled it will be readily apparent by reference to Fig. l of the drawing that the cap forms within the main burner portion a large fuel reception chamber 2l and that when-the cap is rotated into final and proper position upon the main burner the ngers i5 of the sub cap are in abutment with the beveled upper end 2 of the main burner housing and that fuel within the chamber 2l can and will escape upwardly and outwardly from said chamber through the spaces I9 between the` fingers so that the fuel can be ignited and burn as a peripheral ring flame at the point 22 throughout the circumference of the upper end of the cap; Fuel will also pass through the hollow rivets 20 and burn in a series of convergently directed names from the ports or openings i3.

Y Prior to` assembly and attachment of the main and sub burner caps to one another these elements are suitably treated or coated to prevent them from rusting or corroding. Theparticular treatment of theseparts to render them re.- sistant to rust and corrosion. can be of varying natures. They might forinstance both be electro-plated with a suitable resistant material, such as for instance chrome or one or both of them could be enameled'. Whatever the particular treatment given separately to these parts prior to their attachment to one another is of no particular moment otherthan -to assure that action. Making the cap in laminated form andl securing the parts thereof together with hollow rivets has several advantages both from the manufacturing standpoint, which it simpliiies and cheapens, and from the standpoint of operation of the burner and the life thereof.

In order that a burner orifice function properly it is necessary that the burner ports have considerable depth and this the ports it might very well not have when thin gauges of metal are used if means other than the hollow rivets within the ports were substitutes as a means of securing the cap portions together. As an example, if the cap portions were welded together the additional depth given to the ports by the hollow rivets would be lost and the ports with a they are rendered resistant to rust and corrosive thin cap could very well be of insumcient depth to function properly. Additionally it is highly Vdesirable to treat the abutting surfaces of the main and sub cap to make them resistant to rust and corrision and this advantage would be ,lost were the two cap portions welded Vtogether because it is absolutely necessary that the surfaces be clean metal in order that a satisfactory weld between them be obtained. Still further this particular manner of securing the two-part cap together is extremely simple and cheap and simplifles the fabrication of the cap and thus. keeps the cost of manufacture to a. minimum.

Provision of a two-part sheet metal cap has definite advantages from the manufacturing standpoint by reason of the fact that the provision of a burner which will satisfactorily burn all types of gas is necessary and this requires burners having ports of different sizes, or as is commonly referred to, ports of different areas. 4Burners of this type must be provided to operate satisfactorily with natural gas; manufactured gas and the so-called bottled or synthetic gases such as those widely sold under the various trade names such as Pyrofax and Philgasf This requires that burners having different port areas be provided and a. burner to accommodate and properly operate with these different types of gases can cheaply and conveniently be produced in the present instance by merely substituting -sub burner caps'A of different thicknesses or gauges of material. It is believed that sub caps in gauges of material between #13 and l#18 would be suiiicient to provide burners having'the necessary variables of proper areaI to take carel of diierent types of gas, it being obvious that as the thickness of metal of the sub cap is increased the port area or space between the fingers or 'tongues l5 of the sub cap will be increased and cically this patent has 'a burner cap composed I of a material having a melting point below that I of the gas flame burned by the burner and as a result these caps will onf occasion melt due either to the burner dashing back at the burner port or orifice and continuing to bum inside of the burner housing and at the under side of the cap,

or by reason of lack of adequate heat transference contact between the cap and the main burner 'housing which is occasioned when a user of the burner has removed the cap for cleaning or some other purpose and has replaced it improperly with the result that said heat contact is not made and with the further possibility of said improper replacement causing the gas to burn inside of the burner housing and beneath the cap. The foregoing disadvantages of a 'burner having a cap composed of a material having asub-cap having open upper sub-cap' fitting over and being secured to the treated in a variety of finishes to make it resistant to corrosion and rust and a burner which can conveniently and cheaply be provided with a minimum of alteration to accommodate and correctly and properly bum various types of. gases.

'I'he pipe or conduit Il acts as a feeder of sec-- ondary air to the inner burner port I3 andthe outwardly. the degree of inclination; of said subpassage of air through this conduit and over the y conical cap assists in keeping down the temperatureof the cap during the operation of the burner.

The lower or inner ends of the passageways. between the fingers or tongues l5 are in unobing having a circular open upper end. the top edge of said housing being' inclined upwardly and outwardly, a main truncated cone-shaped cap having an upwardly and outwardly extending surface inclined at the same degree throughout its entirety as the degree of inclination of the upperedge of said housing, a cone-shaped subcap having open upper and lower ends, said subcap fitting over and being secured to the under side of said main cap, said sub-cap being provided with a plurality of closely arranged narrow fingers extending radially upwardly and outwardly, the degree of inclination of saidsub-cap and fingers being the same as that of the main cap and the upper inclined end of 'said housing, means to secure said.cap and sub-cap in place upon the upper end ol. said housing, the upper ends of said fingers Vbeing in engagement with. the tapered lupper edge of` said housing but terminating short of the outer side of said housing upper edge, the lower ends of said fingers extending inwardly beyond the inner side of the upper edge of said housing and within said housing, and means securing said sub-cap to said main cap extending through both of said-caps adjacent the lower edges thereof and providing a plurality oi' fuel passageways in spaced relation circumferentially of said caps.

2. An improved gas burner comprising, a housing havinga circular open upper end, the top edge4 of said housing being inclined upwardly and outwardly. a main truncated cone-shaped cap having an upwardly and outwardly extending surface inclined at the same degree throughlout its entirety as the degree of inclination of the upper edge of said housing. a cone-shaped and lower ends, said under side of said main cap, said sub-cap being provided narrow fingers extending radially upwardly and with a plurality ciclosely arranged vcap and fingers being thesame as that of the main cap and the upper inclined end of said housing, means to secure said main cap and sub-cap in place upon the upper edge of said housing, the upper ends of said fingers being in abutment with the upper face of the inclined upper edge of said housing, the lower ends of said lingers being` disposed within said housing, and a plurality of hollow rivets extending through and arranged in spaced relationship circumferential of the lower 'ends of said caps for securing said caps together and providing fuel passageways from said housing for supporting flames at the outer ends of said rivets.

3. An improved gas burner comprising, a housing having an open upper end, the top edge of said` housing being inclined upwardly and outwardly, a main truncated cone-shaped cap having at its upper end an upwardly and outwardly extending surface inclined at the same degree as,

the degree of inclination of the upper edge of said housing, a cone-shaped sub-cap having open upper and lower ends. said sub-cap fitting over and being secured to the-under side of said main cap, said sub-cap being vprovided with a plurality of spaced fingers extending radially upwardly and outwardly. the degree of inclination of said sub-cap andl fingers being the same as that of the upper end of the main cap and the upper inclined end of said housing, means to secure said cap and sub-cap in place upon the upper end of said housing. the upper ends of said fingers being in engagement with the inclined upper edge of said housing, the lower 'ends of Saidiingers extending inwardly beyond the inner side of the upper edge of said housing and within said housing. and means securing said sub-cap to said main cap extending through both of said caps and providing a plurality of fuel passageways from said housing in spaced relation circumferentially of said caps.

4. An improved gas burner comprising, a housing having an open upper end, the top edge of said housing being a main truncated cone-shaped cap havingat its upper end an upwardly and outwardly extending surface inclined at the-same degree as the degree of inclination of the upper edge of said housing, a cone-shaped sub-cap having open upper and lower ends, said sub-cap ntting over and being secured to the under side of said main cap, said sub-cap being provided with a plurality of spaced ngers extending radially upwardly and outwardly, the degree of inclination of said nngers being the same as that of the upper end of the main cap and the upper inclined end of said housing, means to secure said main 'cap in place upon the upper edge of said housing, the upper ends of said fingers beingA in abutment with the upper face of the inclined upper edge of said housing, the lower endsl of said lingers being disposed within said housing,yand a plurality of hollow rivets extending through and arranged in spaced relationship.circumferential of said caps for securing said caps vtogether and providing fuel passageways from said housing for supporting flames at the outer ends of said rivets.

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inclined upwardly and outwardly, 

